Differentially colored fabric and method of producing the same



Patented Aug. 9, 1932 UNITED STATES CAMILLE'DREYFUS, on NEW YORK, N. Y.,

.MARYLAND, ASSIGNORS TO CELANESE TION OF DELAWARE PATENT OFFICE AND HERBERT PLATT, or cummamn, conronarron or AMERICA, A conrona- DIFFERENTIALLY COLORED FABRIC AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAIE No Drawing. Application filed June 28,

This invention relates to a difi'erentially colored fabric and process of producing the same by treating fabrics in conjunction with either resist printing or discharge printing.

with a dyestuif of the aniline or dipheuyl black type.

An object of our invention is to produce prints having dark backgrounds and light colored designs'on fabrics and particularly fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose such as cellulose acetate. I

A further object of our invention. is to produce resist or discharge prints using a dyestufl' of the aniline or diphenylblack type. Other objects of our invention will appear from the following detailed description.

The production of prints having dark backgrounds and light colored designs on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose. such as cellulose acetate, has presented serious problems. This is due to the fact that the dycstufl's that impart a dark color to this fabric can not be readily discharged by the ordinary discharge pastes used in the printing art. \Ve have found, however, that if pastes containing an alkali or a reducing agent, or both an alkali and a reducing agent, are applied to fabric prior to its being treated with the aniline black base or Diphenyl Black Base, as in resist printing, or after the application of the aniline or Diphenyl Black Base, but prior to steaming or otherwise oxidizi g after the discharge printing, light colored designs on dark backgrounds may be produced.

In acco lance with our invention we produce light colored designs .on dark backgrounds by resist or discharge printing fabrics containing organic esters of cellulose by treating the same with a paste containing alkali or reducing agent or both, with or without coloring matter. In our process the fabric is padded withamaterial containing aniline black base or Diphenyl Black paste, either before or after the application of the paste containing the alkali and/or reducing agents. 50 The fabric to be treated in accordance with 1928. Serial No. 289,070.

our invention may contain yarns made of any organic derivatives of cellulose and particularly organic esters of cellulose 'such. as cellulose acetate, cellulose formats, cellulose propionate and cellulose butyrate, or cellulose ethers such as ethyl cellulose. The fabric need not necessarily consist wholly of yarns made of these organic derivatives of cellulose but may also contain yai'ns ofother fibres' such as cotton, silk, or reconstituted cellulose. Examples of such mixed fabric are mixed cellulose acetate and silk and mixed cellulose acetate and cotton.

The paste to be used for the resist or discharge printing as stated before contains either alkali or reducing agent or both alkali and reducing agent. Thev alkali used may be sodium hydroxide or potassium hy-v droxide or alkaline salts such as sodium carbonate and sodium phenolate.

Of the reducing agents that are suitable, we have found that oxalic acid, sodium, zinc or potassium hydrosulphites give satisfactory results. The action of the reducing agent is to prevent the oxidization of the aniline oil or the Diphenyl Black Base to I a dark colored body on the subsequent steaming. As stated before, the paste may con tain alkali and reducing agent. If colored discharge prints are desired, the paste may 89 contain vat colors, SRA dyes or any direct dyes for cellulose acetate fabrics.

The paste containing the dye of the Diphenyl Black type contains preferably a. diphenyl black, an aromatic amine and also acids, catalysts, oxidizing agents and thickening agents. The diphenyl black material used may be Diphenyl Black Base (para amino diphenylamine) or it may be 2.4 diamino diphenylamine. The aromatic amine may be aniline, para toluidin, ortho toluidin, para phenylene diamine, or meta phenylene diamine. If an aniline black is to be employed, aniline oil without the diphenylamine mate rial, is used in the paste.

Of the acids that are to be used, we prefer the aliphatic acids such as lactic acid or acetic acid. Examples of catalysts'or oxygen carriers appropriate for use in the paste are 10 aluminum chloride, chromium cloride, cupric chloride or mixtures of these. Examples of oxidizing agents are sodium chlorate or potassium chlorate. Any suitablethickenin material, such as gum tragacanth, gum ara ic or British gum thickening may be used.

If resist printing is desired, the paste containing alkali and/or reducing agent is applied before'padding with the aniline oil or diphenyl black material. After the aniline oil or diphenyl black material is applied, the fabric is steamed in order to oxidize the same to a black color. However, at those places where the resist paste has been applied, no ozliidation of the Diphenyl Black Base takes p ace.

If discharge printing is to be effected, the

diphenyl black paste is applied first, and then the fabric is printed with the paste containing the alkali and/or reducing agent, after which the fabric is steamed to oxidize the aniline oil or diphenyl black that is on the unprinted portion of the fabric. Care should be taken that the fabric having the aniline oil or Diphenyl Black Base thereon ,is not steamed before the discharge paste is applied,

' since once the black color is developed by steaming it does not readily discharge.

In order to prevent halo effects which may occur by the use of the methods disclosed in this application, it is well to pad the fabric with aluminum acetate or sodium acetate prior to applying the printing paste contain= ing the alkali and/or reducing agent, either before or after application of the paste containing the Diphenyl Black Base. Or else, the sodium acetate or aluminum acetate may be added to the resist or discharge paste containing the alkali and/or reducing agent.

As stated before, the paste containing the alkali and/or reducing agent prevents the oxidation of the aniline or di henyl black during steaming on that part 0 the fabric to which it has been applied.

Thegoods are steamed after the paste containing the alkali and/or reducing agent has been applied, and after they have been padded with a paste containing the Diphenyl Black Base. This causes the Diphenyl Black Base to become oxidized on that part of the fabric that does not have the paste'containing alkali and/or reducing agent applied thereto, thus producing light colored figures on black backgrounds.

The paste containing alkali and/or reducing agent may be applied by suitable en graved or embossed rolls, plates or blocks. It also may be applied by brushing or spraying through stencils having desired designs.

In order to further illustrate our invention,

specific details will now be given with respect to the use of a Diphenyl Black Base.

A paste containing the Diphenyl Black Base may be made up as follows:

Two liquors A and B are made. Liquor A Ethyl alcohol (denatured with methyl alcohol 20 In making this liquor, the Diphenyl Black Base is dissolved in the aniline by slightly warmlng.

Liquor B consists of the following ingredients:

. Parts Aluminum chloride solution 52 Tw 5.0 Chromium chloride 5. 0 Cupric chloride crystals 0.4 Sodium chlorate 6.0 Water 23. 6 Gum tragacanth 1-1 100. 0

Before using, one part of liquor A ismixed with two parts of liquor B and the mixture is strained. Two specific instances-of modes of carrying out our invention will now he given.

E'zvample 'I This example is for discharge printing,

that is wherein the paste is applied to the fabric after the diphenyl black has been applied. The fabric consisting wholly of cellulose acetate yarns is first scoured, dried and batched. It is then padded or printed while dry with the diphenyl black paste described above. The fabric is then printed with a'discharge paste which may be made up in any of the following manners:

Parts (a) Caustic soda 11 Gum tragacanth 100. 0 (1)) Oxalic acid 10 1-1 Gum tragacanth (c) 2 ni'tro 2 methoxybenzcne 1-azo 4' 'dimethylamino benzene Sodium phenolate (40%) 7 1-1 Gum t1'agacanth 100 (d) Durindone Red 3-B (Color Index No.1212) Glycerine 7 Water 10 British gum thickening 53 Caustic soda 10 Hydrosulphite 7 figures on black backgrounds are produced.

Example I I The following is an example of resist printing fabric in accordance with our invention.

Puts (a) Caustic soda 100 Gum arabic 1-1 (b) Oxalic acid 100 Gum arabic 1-1 (0) 10 Oxalic acid '8 Caustic soda 100 Gum arabic 1-1 (d) 10 Oxalic acid Caustic soda 100 Gum arabic 1-1 (e) 15 Sodium oxalate 5 Caustic soda 100; Gum arabic 1-1 (f) 15 Para nitrobenzene azo 4 diphenylamine 5 Caustic soda 100 Gum arabic 1-1 (g) 6 1:4 diamino anthraquinone '10 Oxalic acid 8 Caustic soda 100 Gum arabic 1-1 10 Ciba Pink paste (Color Index No. 1207) 7 Glycerine 5 Hydrosulphite 8 Caustic soda 10 Water British gum thickening After printing with this paste the fabric is padded or printed over the whole surface with the diphenyl black paste described above. The goods are then steamed for 5 minutes at 100 C. and are then scoured in soap. The parts of the fabric that have been printed with the resist printing paste are uncolored when pastes (a), (b), (a), (d) and (e) are used, thus presenting white figures on black backgrounds. \Vhen pastes (f), (g), and (h) are used, colored designs against black backgrounds are produced.

It is to be understood that the foregoing detailed description is given merely by way of illustration and that many variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit of this invention.

Having described our invention what we claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1s:

1. Method of producing differential -effects on fabrics containing organic derivatives of cellulose comprising subjecting said fabrics to the action of an oxidizing agency, which fabric has Diphenyl Black Base applied thereto and being locally printed with a paste that contains an alkali and a substance selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid and metal oxalates.

2. Method of producing differential color effects onfabrics containing organic esters of cellulose comprising subjecting said fabrics to the action of an oxidizing agency, which fabric has Diphenyl Black Base applied thereto and being locally printed with a paste that contains an alkali and oxalic acid.

' -3. Method of producing differential color I effects on fabrics containing cellulose acetate comprising subjecting said fabrics to the action of an oxidizing agency, which fabric has DiphenylQBlack Base applied thereto and being locally printed with a paste that contains an alkali and oxalic acid.

4. Method of producing differential color effects on fabricscontaining organic esters of cellulose comprising subjecting said fabric to the action of steam in the presence of an acetate to prevent halo effects, which fabric has an aniline black base applied thereto and 1 being locally printed with a paste containing oxalic acid whereby the aniline black base is prevented from coloring said fabric upon steaming.

5. Method of producing differential color effects on fabrics containing cellulose acetate comprising subjecting said fabric to the action of steam in the presence of an acetate to prevent halo effects, which fabric has a diphenyl black base applied thereto and being locally printedwith a paste containing oxalic acid whereby the diphenyl black base is prevented from coloring the printed portions of said fabric upon steaming.

6. A differential coloredfabric containing organic esters of cellulose having a dark background produced by the oxidization of a Diphenyl Black Base and havingdesigns of lighter color thereon produced by locally printing said fabric with av paste containing oxalic acid which prevents the Diphenyl BlackBase from coloring the printed portions of said fabric during the oxidization process.

7. A differential colored fabric containing cellulose acetate having a dark background produced by the oxidization of a diphenyl black base and having designs of lighter color thereon produced by locally printing said fabric with a paste containing oxalic acid which prevents the diphenyl black base from coloring the printed portions of said fabric during the oxidization process.

8. Method of producing differential color effects comprising locally applying to a fabric containing an organic derivative of cellulose a material containing an alkali and a metallic oxalate, and then applying a paste containing aniline black base and an oxidizing agent, and then steaming.

9. Method of producing differential color effects comprising locally applying to a fabric containing cellulose acetate :1. material containing an alkali and a metallic oxalate, and

ize

then applying a paste containing anilineblack base and an oxidizing agent, and then steaming.

10. Method of producing differential color effects comprising locally applying to a fabric containing cellulose acetate a material containing caustic soda and sodium oxalate, applying a paste containing aniline black base and an oxidizing agent, and then steammg.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto subscribed our names.

CAMILLE DREYFUS. HERBERT PLATT. 

